Prevaricating Informants and Poison Fruit: the People are obliged to either produce their informant or forfeit the resulting evidence

What matters, is producing valuable information or processing information in a sophisticated way, not the unintelligent movement of information."

"A snitch is the scum of the information industry" "A snitch has no soul."

Two diverse scenarios I submit those "holier than thou" who have narrowed their minds and closed their eyes in despisement, banishment and embitterment.

It is with stupidity we acquiesce while our neighbor is abandoned & his inalienable rights, unimportant to the average citizenry; are trampled and circumvented.

So when the snitch hears rumors of grenades, LAWS, and electronic wire interceptors being used in violation of Federal Laws and he has no firsthand knowledge of the actions yet a Judge signs search warrant after search warrant on the word of a proven liar.

Now because of inability, inadequateness & the leveraging of his fallacial foundations there are approximately 20-50 doors kicked in illegally and unconstitutionally.

"The legal doctrine of "fruit of the poisonous tree" is fairly basic in its premise: if the information being used in a case was obtained through illegal means, then any other information gathered via that illegal action is also tainted by the poison from the initial illegal action."

The names of the SS division officers and the are being held in one final appeal offered in good faith.

CAN YOU IMAGINE ANOTHER TULIA?

Having said that I will pause.



FRUIT OF A POISON TREE

Defendants were arrested by an FBI agent who discovered them unloading a truck containing stolen merchandise. The sole issue presented in their appeal from an Appellate Division order denying suppression is whether the People may refuse to comply with a trial court's order to produce a confidential informant for a Darden inquiry on the ground that the agent obtained enough confirmatory information through his own observations to justify a finding of probable cause. We conclude that the exception the People seek represents an unwarranted circumvention of the Darden rule and its salutary goals. Accordingly, we hold that, notwithstanding the arresting authorities' own observations of criminality, the People were obliged to either produce their informant or forfeit the resulting evidence.

In early October 1989, the Samsonite Corporation reported to the FBI that some 589 cartons of luggage, marked "Samsonite, Stratford, Ontario" and "made in Korea," had recently been stolen from a parked truck located in North Plainfield, New Jersey. On October 18, 1989, the Newark office of the FBI notified Special Agent Wright of the New York office of the theft and told him that a confidential informant had stated that the stolen luggage could be found on a Ryder rental truck parked at 527 East 86th Street in Brooklyn.

Within a few hours of receiving that information, Agent Wright drove to the specified Brooklyn address and observed a Ryder truck parked in the driveway. After conducting a three-hour surveillance, Wright saw a second Ryder truck, driven by defendant Anthony Grado, arrive and park nearby. Wright watched as Grado entered the truck that in the driveway. He also watched as a car pulled up onto the driveway and its driver alit to join Grado in his truck. Grado then drove the truck a short distance to what appeared to be a common alleyway or driveway running between the backyards of houses facing East 84th and East 85th Streets. After the truck backed up to a garage located at 610 East 85th Street, Wright, who had called for back-up, observed defendants Adrion, Grado, Scarpati and Torlone unloading cartons from the truck and placing them in the garage.

When two back-up officers arrived, Wright drove with them onto the common driveway and identified himself as an FBI agent. At that point, having observed that the markings on the cartons matched the markings on the Samsonite luggage cartons that had been reported stolen, Agent Wright asked the group which of them had leased the Ryder truck. Defendant Grado stepped forward, acknowledged that he was the lessee and produced a rental agreement. He gave implausible responses, however, when asked whether he had a bill of lading, where he had gotten the merchandise, whether he knew the goods' consignee or final destination and why he was unloading the goods into the garage of a private residence. Grado told the agent that he had just started a trucking company and that he was on his first job but did not know the last name or location of the person who had hired him. He also initially told the agent that this was his only truck and then stated that he had "forgotten" about the other one when confronted with the agent's observations of a second truck on East 86th Street. The agents subsequently arrested defendants.

I want to know, Have You Ever Seen...............
Posted on May 5, 2008 at 00:44:48 AM by Jaime Kenedeno



You mean the narcs are getting narc'd on by the wanna be narc who thinks he is a MADE narc and cant be touched but the narcs leave him in the open and he continues to bring scrutiny on his utility and now a true liability. His safety is not their primary goal. Is it Blackmail a bunch of narcs into doing your bidding or is it an informant who has lost his utility / credibility?

Now if StickED is a problem he is YOUS guys Problem. The safety of a community and networks there of are in peril. The word flows through the streets while he becomes an easy target for "yesterday" to return.

Someone told me long ago theres a calm before the storm,
I know; its been comin for some time.
When its over, so they say, itll rain a sunny day,
I know; shinin down like water.

Chorus:
I want to know, have you ever seen the rain?
I want to know, have you ever seen the rain
Comin down on a sunny day?

Yesterday, and days before, sun is cold and rain is hard,
I know; been that way for all my time.
til forever, on it goes through the circle, fast and slow,
I know; it cant stop, I wonder.

Having been indicted for third-degree criminal possession of stolen property, defendants moved to suppress the physical evidence. The trial court granted defendants a hearing on their motion and, at the same time, informed the People that they should make the FBI's confidential informant available for a potential Darden hearing. Asserting that the FBI would not make its informant available, the People advised the court that they would not be able to comply. Consequently, the court was "unable to verify the confidential informant's existence." Finding that Agent Wright had reasonable suspicion but not probable cause for arrest in the absence of the information that had been supplied by the informant, the court ruled that the evidence the flowed from the illegal arrest, including the stolen property, should be suppressed.

On the People's appeal, however, the Appellate Division reversed the suppression order and revived the prosecution (188 AD2d 606). The court reasoned that because of the People's refusal to produce the informant, the informant's information was reduced to the equivalent of an anonymous tip. Citing People v Elwell (50 NY2d 231), the court posited that such a tip could be used as a basis for establishing probable cause if the arresting officers' independent observations "are sufficiently confirmatory of criminal activity" (188 AD2d, p 607). Here, the Appellate Division concluded, probable cause was established by the combination of information Agent Wright had before he approached defendants and his observations, including defendant Grado's unsatisfactory answers to his inquiries and the fact that the markings on the cartons defendants were unloading matched the markings on the stolen cartons. Thus, production of the confidential informant was not fatal to the People's case. We now reject the Appellate Division's analysis and hold that the indictment against the defendants should be dismissed.

In People v Darden (34 NY2d 177, 181), this Court held that it is "fair and wise" to require the production of an informant for an in camera inquiry "where there is insufficient evidence to establish probable cause apart from the testimony of the arresting officer as to communications received from [the] informer" and a question as to the informer's identity is raised at the suppression hearing. While recognizing the "weighty considerations countervailing against disclosure" of the informant's identity, the Court also deemed it appropriate to "protect against the contingency, of legitimate concern to a defendant, that the informer may have been wholly imaginary and the communication from him entirely fabricated" (id., pp 181-182). Accordingly, the Court devised a procedure that would best balance the parties' competing interests.

Finally Came To........
Posted on May 5, 2008 at 01:00:04 PM by Jaime Kenedeno

Where?

You mean Camp Ed?

Way out in the Sticks?

OH, I get it now, you are making the lame attempt once again to discredit my claims and you know around these parts; coming from you, we take it as a compliment as well as a verifying statement.

You know, like the black helicopters and the "Chicago Ranch" thingy?

StickED text messages claim IRA as the handler when we all know it is STEVEN who plays good cop and IRA is the A$$hole. YouS guyS are the enabling element and the responsible party.

28 - 2 but,..... from where did the fruit come?

state judge determined that the charges were founded on little more than innuendo

Under that procedure, once an appropriate challenge by the defense has been raised, the People are required to produce the police informant for an in camera inquiry unless they can demonstrate that the informant is unavailable and cannot be produced through the exercise of due diligence (see, , 68, citing People v Fulton , 86 AD2d 675, affd 58 NY2d 914; People v West , 56 AD2d 955, revd on other grounds 44 NY2d 656). The trial court may then question the informant outside the presence of the defendant or defense counsel, although counsel should be afforded an opportunity to submit written questions to be posed by the Judge ( People v Darden , supra, p 181). Whether the informant's identity should then be disclosed to the defense is a matter entrusted to the sound discretion of the trial court (see, , 583; see also, People v Huggins , 36 NY2d 827).

In this case, the Darden procedure clearly was properly invoked. The trial court found -- and the Appellate Division impliedly agreed -- that the information derived from the confidential informant's tip was necessary to establish probable cause. Although Agent Wright personally observed a number of suspicious circumstances, including the unloading of a "commercial quantity" of cartons from a rented vehicle into a private residence, markings on the cartons that matched the markings on the stolen cartons and the evasive answers of one of the suspects, these circumstances were not sufficient to link defendants to the purloined property without reference to the informant's statements. Thus, under the established Darden analysis, this was a situation in which the trial court was authorized to require production of the informant.

Video Confessions of the Great Corruptor & a Vistit From CCPD Fed Agents (hybridized)
Posted on May 5, 2008 at 01:18:32 PM by Jaime Kenedeno

There is much more to come including but not limited to Inebriated Agents Driving Under The Influence, and statements implicating law enforcement agents in criminal activities.

PS: Several duplicate copies have been placed in the custody of entities with instructions for the release should the need arise.

The People acknowledge these general principles. Moreover, they have not argued that these principles should not be applied here because the decision to withhold production of the informant was made by the law enforcement authorities of another jurisdiction. Instead, the People contend that a failure to comply with Darden should not lead to suppression in a situation such as this one, where the arresting officer's own observations furnished substantial corroboration for the informant's "tip." Elaborating on the analysis employed by the Appellate Division, the People argue that the same principles that are used to validate the accuracy and reliability of an anonymous informant's tip should be invoked to support the use of this confidential informant's tip as a component of the arresting officer's probable cause predicate. Relying on People v Elwell (50 NY2d 231, supra), the People assert that it would be unsound as a matter of judicial policy to require production of a known, albeit confidential, informant under circumstances in which an anonymous tipster's information could be used to establish probable cause. Such a rule, in the People's view, would furnish an incentive to perjury on the part of police witnesses and should therefore be shunned.

The People's position is flawed because it equates the inquiry that is mandated when probable cause is based upon an anonymous tip with the inquiry that is mandated when probable cause is derived from a tip from a known informant whose identity the People do not wish to reveal. The core problem in the first situation is whether and how the Aguilar - Spinelli test requiring documentation of the informant's reliability and/or basis of knowledge can be satisfied when the informant's identity cannot be ascertained. In that context, People v Elwell (supra) and ) held that the independent corroborative observations of the police may be used in certain circumstances to supply the missing veracity or basis-of- knowledge component of that two-pronged test. The teaching of Elwell and DiFalco is that law enforcement authorities have a reasonable basis for crediting a tip's accuracy and for acting upon it when the details of an informant's tip are borne out in significant ways by their own direct observations.

The Darden procedure, however, addresses an entirely different problem. While Elwell and DiFalco concern the problem of assuring that the arresting officer or warrant issuer has acted upon information received from a sufficiently reliable and accurate informant, Darden concerns the analytically distinct problem of verifying the truthfulness of the police witness's testimony about his or her dealing with a known informant (34 NY2d, p 181; see, People v Carpenito , supra, p 68; People v Fulton , 44 NY2d 914, 916, supra; People v Huggins , supra, p 828). As to that question, the officer's testimony regarding observed facts corroborating the accuracy of the informant's purported tip is of no moment, since it does not aid the court in ascertaining that the source of the underlying information was, in fact, a real informant as distinguished from an unauthorized wiretap, an improper search or some other illegal origin. In situations where a question is raised about such matters, there is no satisfactory substitute for the production of the informant -- or at least the production of extrinsic proof of the informant's existence when the informant is demonstrably unavailable (see, e.g., People v Carpenito , supra, p 68).

What is at stake in Darden situations is the integrity of the proceeding itself. While the People suggest that any misrepresentations about the origin of the police's information may be adequately unmasked and addressed in the fact-finding process through the use of traditional credibility-testing methods such as cross- examination, Darden makes clear that the trial court's options are not limited to such methods. We concluded in Darden that the most "sensitive and wise balancing of the rights of the individual defendant and the interests of the public" could be accomplished by permitting the trial court to call for the in camera production of the confidential informant whenever a question is raised as to that individual's existence. The People have offered no persuasive reason to modify that conclusion in this situation.

Indeed, the need for the production of the informant in these situations is manifest. Notwithstanding Agent Wright's on-the- scene observations of circumstances suggestive of criminality, the People's showing fell short of probable cause without the confidential tipster's information. Moreover, Agent Wright would not even have been in a position to make those observations without the information purportedly supplied by the informant, since he had no knowledge independent of that source that would have led him to the street addresses in Brooklyn where the observations were made. Thus, the informant's tip was inextricably tied to every aspect of the People's proof on the probable cause question, including the so-called "independent" indicia of criminality on which they now rely. Accordingly, the trial court was entitled to insist on production of the informant to assure itself that he or she was not "wholly imaginary" and that the claimed communication was not "entirely fabricated" ( People v Darden , supra, p 182).

Inasmuch as the People offered no legally cognizable basis for ignoring the trial court's request for the production of the FBI's informant, that court acted properly in holding that the information derived from the informant's tip could not be used to establish probable cause. And, since the trial court was justified in concluding that the other information possessed by Agent Wright as a result of his own observations was not sufficient to constitute probable cause, that court did not err in concluding that the arrest was unlawful and that, accordingly, the evidence seized as a result of the arrest should be suppressed.

Accordingly, the order of the Appellate Division should be reversed, defendants' motions to suppress physical evidence granted and the indictment against each defendant dismissed.

F O O T N O T E S

See, People v Darden (34 NY2d 177).

Spinelli v United States (393 US 410); Aguilar v Texas (378 US 108).

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

Order reversed, defendants' motions to suppress physical evidence granted, and indictment against each defendant dismissed. Opinion by Judge Titone. Chief Judge Kaye and Judges Simons, Hancock, Bellacosa, Smith and Levine concur.